AVCHD

AVCHD (Advanced Video Coding High Definition) is a file-based format for the digital recording and playback of high-definition video.

AVCHD audio can be recorded in 5.1-channel surround sound with Dolby Digital (AC-3) compression or up to 7.1-channel surround sound (uncompressed).

AVCHD and its logo are trademarks of Sony and Panasonic.AVCHD is compatible with the Blu-ray disc format and can be authored without re-encoding on Blu-ray discs or DVDs, though not all Blu-ray Disc players are compatible with AVCHD video authored on DVD media, a format known as AVCHD disc.

Most AVCHD camcorders record audio using Dolby Digital (AC-3) compression scheme. Stereo and multichannel audio is supported. Audio data rate can range from  64 kbit/s to 640 kbit/s. In practice, data rates of 256 kbit/s and 384 kbit/s have been observed. Some professional models allow recording uncompressed linear PCM Audio.AVCHD specification allows using recordable DVDs, memory cards, non-removable solid-state memory and hard disk drives as recording media.

AVCHD Lite - AVCHD Lite is a subset of AVCHD format compliant with AVCHD and Blu-ray Disc specifications. AVCHD Lite seems to have been all but replaced with other formats.

AVCCAM - Formerly known as "AVCHD with professional features," AVCCAM is the name of professional AVCHD camcorders.

AVCHD Pro - "AVCHD Pro" moniker to describe camcorders like the HDC-MDH1, which combines consumer internal parts and controls with shoulder-mount type body.

NXCAM - NXCAM is the name of Sony's professional video lineup employing the AVCHD format. This type of  camcorders offers 1080i, 1080p and 720p recording modes and do not offer film-like frame rates — 24p, 25p, 30p — in 720p mode.

Some Authoring Softwares:

Cyberlink PowerDirector and PowerProducer 
Ulead DVD MovieFactory Plus 6 with HD Power Pack  
 Various Sonic products using HD/BD Plug-in
Compressor 3.5
Nero Vision 9
Sony DVD Architect 5
Panasonic HD Writer AE 
MultiAVCHD 
Pinnacle Studio 11.1.2